Recycling: progress achieved and future goals
Paper and cardboard recycling is one of the pillars of environmental sustainability in Europe, with increasing recovery rates reflecting the joint efforts of industry, institutions and citizens. Thanks to efficient infrastructure and growing awareness of the circular economy, recycling rates have reached record levels, demonstrating the possibility of turning waste into valuable resources. Looking ahead, the goal is to push these achievements even higher, aiming for ever more effective recycling and responsible materials management, in line with European directives and global climate ambitions.
Record recycling rate for cardboard
In 2022, Europe reached a new milestone in the recycling of paperboard and paper packaging, with a record rate of 83.2 percent, up from 82.5 percent in 2021. This achievement reflects the industry’s dedication to sustainable standards and consumer confidence in efficient collection systems, contributing to the circular economy and reducing environmental impact.
Collection as a basis for recycling
To ensure a high recycling rate, strict collection of paper and cardboard waste is essential. About 50 percent of the paper collected comes from commerce and industry, 40 percent from households, and 10 percent from offices. Consumers are increasingly aware of the importance of separating materials properly, while industry is aiming for a 90 percent recycling target by 2030.
Value of recycled fibers
Paperboard fibers can be recycled up to 25 times, representing a crucial resource for the production of new packaging. The quality of the fibers depends on the initial separation, the type of processing, and the materials added, such as coatings or inks. Keeping fibers in the production cycle is essential to reduce waste and support sustainable production.
Composting as an alternative
When recycling is not possible, paperboard can be composted. This process, known as “organic recycling,” allows cardboard to be turned into compost that can be used in agriculture or gardening, avoiding incineration or landfill. Composting contributes to sustainable waste management and reduces environmental impact.
Future goals and European directives
The industry aims to further improve processes, maximizing the use of recycled fiber and reducing waste to landfill. According to the European directive, 65 percent of biodegradable materials should be recovered by 2030. This commitment reinforces the transition to a more efficient and environmentally friendly circular economy.
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